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~~ Get Free Ebook The Bronx (Bampton Lectures in America), by Evelyn Gonzalez

Get Free Ebook The Bronx (Bampton Lectures in America), by Evelyn Gonzalez

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The Bronx (Bampton Lectures in America), by Evelyn Gonzalez

The Bronx (Bampton Lectures in America), by Evelyn Gonzalez



The Bronx (Bampton Lectures in America), by Evelyn Gonzalez

Get Free Ebook The Bronx (Bampton Lectures in America), by Evelyn Gonzalez

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The Bronx (Bampton Lectures in America), by Evelyn Gonzalez

The Bronx is a fascinating history of a singular borough, mapping its evolution from a loose cluster of commuter villages to a densely populated home for New York's African American and Hispanic populations. In recounting the varied and extreme transformations this community has undergone, Evelyn Gonzalez argues that racial discrimination, rampant crime, postwar liberalism, and big government were not the only reasons for the urban crisis that assailed the Bronx during the late 1960s. Rather, a combination of population shifts, public housing initiatives, economic recession, and urban overdevelopment caused its decline. Yet she also proves that ongoing urbanization and neighborhood fluctuations are the very factors that have allowed the Bronx to undergo one of the most successful and inspiring community revivals in American history. The process of building and rebuilding carries on, and the revitalization of neighborhoods and a resurgence of economic growth continue to offer hope for the future.

  • Sales Rank: #837020 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2004-06-05
  • Released on: 2004-06-05
  • Format: Kindle eBook

From Booklist
The title is misleading: Gonzalez is really focused on the South Bronx--its history, decline and fall, and rise. (She doesn't examine the North Bronx neighborhoods at all.) She recounts in clear if pedestrian prose, based on her own Ph.D. dissertation, the beginnings of the city borough in the mid-nineteenth century when Jordan Mott founded Mott Haven and Lewis Morris the Morrisania villages. Street plans, public transportation (the subway arrived in 1905), and services were created in a city framework, not a suburban one. Waves of immigrant apartment dwellers moved into the Bronx, and into newer and better housing, as the borough grew. But by 1934, with half its housing stock built before the 1901 Tenement House Law, the pattern was set. The South Bronx's wretched housing sheltered wave after wave of poorer and yet poorer immigrants, until it imploded in the 1960s and 1970s. Gonzalez traces its rise again, too, through a workable mixture of public and private, church-related and city-funded initiatives. Suitable for urban-planning and city history collections. GraceAnne DeCandido
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved

Review

"Gonzalez's reporting and research are excellent, and scholars will appreciate the extensive bibliography... recommended for public and academic libraries." -- Library Journal



"Gonzalez has given New York and the Bronx a historical snapshot of the sometimes forgotten borough in The Bronx." -- New York Resident



"Ms. Gonzalez has created a text, not only of historic value, but also one that should serve as a contemporary study of urbanization.... for serious students and teachers of Bronx history or urban studies. Every library should have a copy.... It's well worth a read." -- Bronx Times Reporter



"This is must reading for any historian interested in exploring the process of suburbanization's impact on New York City...Recommended." -- Choice



A soberly thoughtful, statistic-filled study of that neglected borough, replete with maps and charts. -- Phillip Lopate, New York Times Book Review



"This book tells a thoughtful story of urbanization in a place that most Americans know only stereotypically." -- Darrel E. Bigham, American Historical Review



"A superior book, well worth reading." -- Lloyd Ultan, The Bronx County Historical Society Journal



Review

"No Bronx cheer for The Bronx. Evelyn Gonzalez's revelatory narrative renders the Bronx as more than a place of deindustrial disorder and urban abandonment. Here rural villages and bucolic retreats were transformed into the nation's fastest growing urban neighborhood by the turn of the twentieth century. Moving from the manor estates of Gouverneur Morris to the factories of Jordan Mott to Frederick Law Olmsted's ignored neighborhood plans to Colin Powell's Kelley Street to the nadir of Fort Apache, the enigmatic vitality of this understudied borough comes alive. Gonzalez's Bronx is New York writ small." -- Timothy J. Gilfoyle, professor of American history, Loyola University Chicago

Most helpful customer reviews

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
not bad but needs more comparative perspective
By Michael Lewyn
In the 1970s, the South Bronx became a national symbol of urban decay. Neighborhoods such as Hunts Point and Morrisiana lost over half their population in the 1970s alone, as landlords burned low-rent buildings in order to cash in on insurance policies. This book seeks to answer the question: what went wrong?

To start off, the South Bronx was already a working-class industrial neighborhood even in the 1940s. Thus, it was the sort of neighborhood that people were not eager to live in if they could live somewhere else. Gonzalez seems to think that these areas simply were not suburban enough; she implies that when they were built in the late 19th century, South Bronx neighborhoods were already too dense, too renter-oriented, and too mixed-use to satisfy some consumers' tastes for larger dwellings and more suburb-like places. But her theory begs the question- why were so many urban neighborhoods in Brooklyn and Manhattan more successful than the South Bronx?

Gonzalez also points out that government investments accelerated the South Bronx's decline. She notes that even before the 1950s, subway extensions opened up the northern Bronx for development, shifting middle-class commuters away from the South Bronx. In later decades, expressway construction both opened up suburbs for development and caused the destruction of much of the South Bronx's housing stock, while public housing construction in both Harlem and the Bronx destroyed even more housing, causing poor people to switch neighborhoods and making their new neighborhoods less appealing to the working and middle classes. At the same time, government subsidized middle-class housing projects in the east Bronx, creating another avenue of middle-class flight. All of this makes sense- but again, a comparative perspective would have added depth to her discussion. Did the South Bronx suffer more than other working-class neighborhoods in other cities? Why or why not?

Finally, Gonzalez discusses the stabilization of the South Bronx over the last thirty years. Rather than building housing projects itself, government subsidized housing built by nonprofits in a variety of ways- an experiment that, at least in the South Bronx, appears to have been successful. But the South Bronx has been stabilized in part due to Hispanic immigration to New York City. It is not clear whether the government subsidies would have mattered in a declining city with less immigration, or whether poor neighborhoods in other immigrant-heavy growing cities have stabilized without as much government support for housing. Again, a comparative perspective would have made this a better book.

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
careful scholarship on urban development and urban renewal
By hmf22
The Bronx is a polished, well-researched scholarly work on the development of the Bronx in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the borough's decline after World War II, and urban renewal efforts from the 1970s to the present. The book is crisply written, with an extensive bibliography and index. Numerous maps and charts enhance the argument, and there are sixteen pages of historic photographs, including some "before" and "after" shots of the same locations. It's important to note that this is not a comprehensive history of the Bronx, as the title suggests, but a highly focused history of city planning, real estate development, the arrival of sewer lines and mass transit, and so forth. The lack of a human story line occasionally makes for a puzzling narrative, as when Gonzalez jumps from a discussion of real estate development to a discussion of urban renewal with only the slightest discussion of the urban blight that necessitated the urban renewal. I closed the book feeling like I still had very little understanding of the lives of the men and women who populated the Bronx, either in the first generations of settlement or in its severely troubled phase in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. But if you are interested in the expansion and development of New York City and don't mind a rather dry narrative, this book is definitely worth a look.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Beautiful historical book
By H-man
Great book about the general history of the Bronx and how it became the borough it is today. Highly recommended for any historical references dealing with the Bronx. It's great to see how the different neighborhoods evovled

See all 6 customer reviews...

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